Low Carbon Energy Supply by Atul Sharma Amritanshu Shukla & Lu Aye

Author:Atul Sharma, Amritanshu Shukla & Lu Aye
Language: eng
Format: epub
Publisher: Springer Singapore, Singapore

(1)

(2)

where h is Planck constant.

Despite extensive research in the area, the detailed mechanism of the injection process should be comprised fully and much more intensive research is needed to understand it clearly. For a Ru complex sensitizer attached to an oxide surface, the process occurs in a very short period of time (in the order of femtoseconds) (Kuang et al. 2006). For an efficient device, the time required for the injection process should be compared with the time taken in returning the excited state of the dye to the ground state (process 6). For typical Ru complexes DSSCs, the lifetime of the excited state of the dye is observed between 20 and 60 ns (Hagfeldt and Grätzel 2000). It is clear from the lifetime range of the excited state of the dye that the injection is an ultrafast process. The regeneration of the oxidized dye (process 4) normally completes in the microseconds. The process of the regeneration is expressed by the following reaction (3):

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